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Newport is a city in and the shire town〔(Title 24, Part I, Chapter 1, §11 ), Vermont Statutes. Accessed 2007-11-01.〕 (county seat)〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 of Orleans County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2010 Census, the city population was 4,589. The city contains the largest population of any municipality in the county, yet encompasses the smallest area. ==History== In 1753, the Abenakis brought the ransomed John Stark down Lake Memphremagog and came ashore where Newport is now situated. They then traveled southeast to his home in New Hampshire. Rogers' Rangers were forced to retreat through the county following their attack on Saint-Francis, Quebec in 1759. To confound their avenging pursuers, they split up on the east shore of Lake Memphremagog. One group followed the Clyde River east. Another followed the Barton River south.〔, page 1〕 Newport as a settlement began in 1793.〔''Columbia-Lippincott Gazeteer''. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1952) p. 1314〕 The village was first called Pickeral Point, but later renamed Lake Bridge for its location at the head of Lake Memphremagog.〔(Austin J. Coolidge & John B. Mansfield, ''A History and Description of New England;'' Boston, Massachusetts 1859 )〕 In the early 19th century, the women of pioneer Calvin Arnold's household, refused to live in the Arnold house near what is now Clyde Pond, because of depredations by the Indians. In 1816, part of the former town of Salem, was annexed to Newport town, and is now part of the city. The railroad reached the village in 1863. The city had a scare when they received news of the St. Albans Raid during the American Civil War. They thought these raids might repeat throughout the state but particularly at the south end of the lake. The militia was turned out. The ferry from Magog was met with determined looking armed men, much to the captain's surprise, who had heard nothing about the raid. Armed Norwich University students were shipped in by train. Nothing happened and everyone was sent home in a few days.〔 In 1868, the Lake Bridge settlement was incorporated as the Village of Newport. It became a busy lumber town. The firm of Prouty & Miller, a lumbering firm, was started in 1865. With the end of the lumbering concentration in Vermont, it went out of business in the 1980s.〔(Vermont Almanac ) accessed March 2, 2008〕 The ''Lady of the Lake'' steam excursion/ferry boat started operating in 1867. It stopped operations in 1917. This is used as Newport's logo. In 1868, a livery stable that would ultimately grow to 100 horses, started operating behind a hotel, several blocks from the railway station. In 1873, the Bellevue Hotel was built to accommodate 75, and later, 100 guests. It was renamed the Newport House by 1891. It was demolished in 1973. The Newport Wharf Light was a tower built on Lake Memphremagog in 1879. It has since been demolished.〔(Lighthouses at Lighthouse Depot ... Lighthouse Explorer Database ... Newport Wharf Light )〕 The current county courthouse was built in 1886.〔Historic marker #9, Newport, Vermont〕 That was the year that the legislature moved the shire town here. In 1879, the Field Opera House and Clock Tower was constructed. In 1896, it was destroyed by fire. The municipal building is now at this site. By the late 19th century, the Boston & Maine and Central Vermont railroads were routed through Lake Bridge and the small village experienced a population boom. The now-historic Goodrich Memorial Library was built in 1899.〔(Goodrich Memorial Library website )〕 The Memphremagog Hotel burned in 1907. In 1917, the city of Newport was formed from portions of the towns of Newport (former village of Newport) and Derby (former village of West Derby). It was organized on March 5, 1918. The current federal courthouse was built in 1904. Then, it included the post office.〔 In 1917, the city paved Main Street. By 1930, 4,000 motor vehicles a day, during the summer, traveled the street.〔 In 1932, the city had a poor farm for the indigent. In August 1942, a single-engined Royal Canadian Air Force training plane crashed into the lake near the west shore near the city, killing the only occupant, the pilot. Between 1936 and 1953, the International Club in Newport had the largest dance floor in New England, .〔http://www.oldstonehousemuseum.org/PDF/oshspring06.pdf〕 It was capable of holding 2,000 dancers. Various performers stopped to entertain while en route between Boston and Montreal on the railroad. These included: Louis Armstrong, Charlie Barnet, Les Brown, Cab Calloway, Rosemary Clooney, the Dorsey Brothers, Jimmy and Tommy; Stan Kenton, Kay Kyser, Gene Krupa, Glenn Miller, Tony Pastor, and Louis Prima. From its founding, Newport's population plateaued around 5,000 people until 1950 when it started dropping. It reached bottom in 1990 at 4,434. In 2010 the population dropped from the 2000 census, and it still had not reached its 1950 high which was 5,217. In 2003, the Newport-headquartered Citizens Utility was sold and divided up among Great Bay Hydro and Vermont Electric Cooperative. The last passenger train left Newport in 1965. The city sold its airport to the state of Vermont in the 1970s. The Vermont Teddy Bear Company once had a plant within the city.〔(Career Opportunities )〕 A Columbia Forest Products plant once employed about 100 workers. A local subsidiary of an international ski clothing manufacturer once employed 30 workers. It closed in 2011. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Newport (city), Vermont」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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